Innovation Theatre

“Integrating Geophysical Data for Building the Apparent Geological Models”
Ping-Yu CHANG
Dept. of Earth Sciences/ EDREaM Center, National Central University

We used the resistivity measurements to establish three-dimensional (3D) hydrogeological apparent models. Core records from the monitoring wells in the area were used for the training data to help determining the resistivity ranges of the gavel, sand, and muddy sediments in the fan-delta. The resistivity measurements were inverted and converted into 1-D data form and interpolated for rendering a three dimensional resistivity volume that represents the general resistivity distribution in the fan-delta systems. Water resistiviy data from the observation wells were used for calculating the formation factors (FI) within the models. We compared the FIs with indexed core records near some of the resistivity surveys sites and concluded the range of the FIs for different materials in a statistical sense. Lastly we transfer the resistivity models into the gravel-sand-clay geological models with the computed formation factors. Since the spatial distribution of non-invasive resistivity measurements is more dense than the locations of geological cores. These “apparent” models are better to represent the detailed sedimentary structures than the traditional over-simplified conceptual models built from only the correlations of core records. Hence we are able to quickly construct the 3D discretized apparent models with three geologic materials for further modeling purposes.

“Reconstructing the Tsunami Sources of 2018 Palu Tsunami Event”
Tso-Ren WU
Graduate Institute of Hydrological and Oceanic Sciences, National Central University

The tsunami in the event of 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami (SET) occurred after an earthquake of magnitude 7.5. However, it is very difficult for such an earthquake to trigger a tsunami with 10-m flood depth. The causes of this tsunami event remain unknown. A submarine landslide, an additional seabed vertical displacement, and seiche effect may play roles. To gain a deeper understanding of this tsunami event, finding the location of the tsunami source is especially important. We developed two new tsunami analysis methods, impact intensity analysis method (IIA) to analyze the tsunami source in the SET event. The IIA method can quickly filter out the areas with low impacts of the tsunami sources and effectively reduce the number of tsunami scenarios. In this study, we perform different scenarios by simulating the tsunamis generated by the earthquake, seiche, and in-the-bay landslides. The earthquake scenario results show that the wave height contributed by the earthquake is less than 0.3 m, which is far away from the field survey. The IIA is then used to reduce the number of the scenarios. From both of the IIA results of Palu and Pantoloan, the possible tsunami sources are located either inside the Palu Bay or around the bay mouth. Based on the tidal gauge data at Pantoloan and the tsunami arrival time from BMGK, the precise location of the tsunami source is spotted. We further created several scenarios which satisfied most of the data we collected, such as the Pantoloan gauge record, Palu inundation area, and flooding depth from the field survey along the Palu Bay. The detailed results will be presented in the full paper.

“Innovative Earthquake Science and Technologies Developed in Taiwan: Taiwan Earthquake Research Center (TEC) and Earthquake- Disaster & Risk Evaluation and Management (E-DREaM) Center”
Wen-Tzong LIANG
Taiwan Earthquake Research Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica

Chung-Han CHAN
Earthquake- Disaster & Risk Evaluation and Management (E-DREaM) Center, National Central University
Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University

In the past decade, the Taiwan Earthquake Research Center (TEC) has promoted a series of studies on real-time seismology, earthquake early warning (EEW) and seismic hazard and risk analysis with support from the Minister of Science and Technology (MOST). An automated near real-time moment tensor monitoring system (RMT) has been constructed to monitor the seismic activity by taking advantage of a grid-based moment tensor inversion technique and long-period broadband seismic recordings. The P-Alert, a MEMS accelerometer for on-site earthquake early warning, has been widely deployed island-wide in Taiwan. It can detect first P-wave arrival and provide an alert with predicted intensity when the amplitude of vertical P-wave is over a threshold. This EEW system is not only providing the on-site EEW but also reinforce the earthquake disaster prevention education.

By integrating the earthquake science, earthquake engineering, and social science communities of Taiwan, the Taiwan Earthquake Model (TEM) program improves our understanding of Taiwan earthquake mechanisms and therefore provide new insight into seismic hazard and risk assessments for Taiwan. We continued the effort to publish the state of the art science-based hazard model of Taiwan on the basis of the Probability of Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) approach. The establishment of Earthquake- Disaster & Risk Evaluation and Management (E-DREaM) Center in National Central University, Taiwan, in 2018, built in the accessible seismic hazard information through developing App, and provided deep in sight to industrial partners for seismic hazard and risk management.

The TEC not only acts as a platform for the advanced researches in earthquake science and technology, but also presenting real-time earthquake information and creative and diversity tools and materials for seismic education outreach. Through the inter-collaborated work among, TEC, TEM and E-DREaM, we built the bridges from science to community and to industrial partners for earthquake prone region of Taiwan.

"Cloud-Based Automatic Weather Stations for Geospatial Climate Mapping"
Matt GALLOWAY
METER Group

As human populations grow and with the advent of climate change, there is an increasing need to have more localized and accurate weather and climate data. Traditional municipal and regional weather stations are often sparsely located and therefore don’t provide enough useful data for localized accurate climate modelling or irrigation scheduling. METER’s low-cost ATMOS 41 automated weather station allows researchers to accurately monitor the climate in more areas, including remote locations that don’t have mains power. Paired with METER’s cloud-connected, solar-powered ZL6 data logger, the ATMOS 41 gives you near real-time climate data, and it has no moving parts, which means fewer maintenance problems.

The ZENTRA Cloud data visualization platform lets you view all your weather stations on a map at any place you have an internet connection. ZENTRA Cloud also processes and graphs the data for you, saving valuable time. This presentation will highlight some existing weather networks in both the USA and Africa who use the ATMOS 41 automated systems, as well as the ZENTRA Cloud platform that enables researchers to visualize and collaborate in near-real time with the data collected from these stations.

"Pegasus Data Acquisition"
Alastair FENWICK
Nanometrics

Pegasus Data Acquisition System - a Revolutionary New Ecosystem for Portable Monitoring Campaigns

This presentation will demonstrate how the new Pegasus is an intuitive and versatile data acquisition system covering the full spectrum of portable applications from long term broadband to full waveform, full wavefield imaging. Deliberately designed with every modular component thoughtfully integrated to provide the most intuitive experience, every aspect of the Pegasus ecosystem is optimized for simplicity and ease-of-use ensuring the highest possible data quality and availability from even the most demanding project environment.

Class-leading power consumption allows everything about the Pegasus platform to be small, lightweight and modular. The exceptionally low power consumption significantly reduces battery requirements, overall station size and weight allowing for the efficient deployment of more stations for a longer period of time. The modular nature opens up broad choices in battery chemistry and sensor technologies, facilitating transport logistics and matching station design to the needs of the science. Flexible and modular, the Pegasus digital recorder supports single, dual or 3-component analog sensors including: meteorological sensors, broadband seismometers, microbarometers, geophone sensors and strong motion accelerometers.

The presentation will also show how the Pegasus ecosystem is simple to deploy, service and data are easy to recover, whether you are working with a handful of units or many hundreds. Data recovery is via lightning-fast USB 3.0, where one month of ready-to-process MiniSEED data, StationXML metadata and comprehensive project audit information, including merging ancillary data, can be seamlessly downloaded in under 10 seconds. Pegasus is the only system that can scale to meet the Large-N challenge.

“Topical Collections – How To?”
Jan MARGULIES
Springer Nature

Topical collections are very important for journals to attract readers but also authors that can cite the articles published in collections. They summarize the current research or give a deeper insight on a specific topic. The visibility of the topic, the journal and the authors of the collection are getting increased. But what are the differences between topical collections, special issues and article collections? How can an idea for a topical collection become a published collection? Where can I find help to found an open access topical collection? That will be topics included in the presentation.

"New High-Precision CO2 and CH4 Analyzers For Multiple Applications"
Richard GARCIA
LI-COR Inc.

LI-COR Biosciences manufactures instrumentation for environmental research, including systems that measure greenhouse gas emissions from soils. In 2018, LI-COR released two new laser-based, high precision analyzers for greenhouse gas measurements - the LI-7810 CH4/CO2/H2O Gas Analyzer and LI-7815 CO2/H2O Gas Analyzer. The analyzers incorporate Optical Feedback – Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (OF-CEAS), in a design and implementation allowing them to be used in a multitude of methods and approaches including the following:

• Long-term and survey soil flux chamber measurements, including both CH4 and CO2 from the same CH4/CO2/H2O gas analyzer.
• Approaches relying on very high precision CH4 concentrations, encompassing those often employed by WMO-GAW and EPA communities.
• Micrometeorological tower methods relying on relatively slow but well-resolved CH4 concentrations.
• Distributed Sensors techniques.
• Mobile monitoring, including measurements from various moving platforms.

"The Activity of Asia-Oceania Space Weather Alliance (AOSWA)"
Mamoru ISHII
Space Environment Laboratory, NICT

AOSWA has established on 2010 for information exchange among space weather organizations in Asia Oceania region. Now 27 organizations from 13 countries and regions are participated in AOSWA. We have five face-to-face meeting in Thailand, China, Japan, Korea and Indonesia since 2012 for discussing data sharing, research to operation for improving space weather research activities.

The purpose of this group is to share the information of space weather Research and Development and build cooperative project for improving research and operation for space weather forecast. We already have some fruitful result under the umbrella of AOSWA; Japan, Korea and Taiwan discuss oblique sounding observation network for ionosphere in East Asia.

In this presentation, we would like to introduce the AOSWA and its members’ activities, and some examples of cooperation for encouraging to join us.

"High Reliability, High Uniformity Seismic Nodes"
Dongning ZHAO
Dynamic Technologies (DTCC)

Super reliable SmartSolo sensor features low frequency performance, smaller crew size, less man power, and simpler equipment.

High-quality seismic data are derived from high-quality seismic sensors. DT-SOLO’s high-sensitivity geophone is specially designed for single point receiver applications. It is well known to the seismic industry as the top-quality high-sensitivity geophone and is widely used by major contractors and equipment manufacturers.